Git

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Revision as of 06:45, 12 December 2019 by Welcome (talk | contribs) (Created page with "== Activities == === Git Installation === # Download Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads. # Install Git. (MacOS: <code>brew install git</code>) === Copy an existing remote...")
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Activities

Git Installation

  1. Download Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads.
  2. Install Git. (MacOS: brew install git)

Copy an existing remote repository

  1. Clone a remote repository.
    • Select a local folder to copy the repository into, or create a new folder if you prefer. The repository will be copied as a subdirectory of the selected folder.
    • At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder.
    • Clone the repository using the command:
      /git clone/ URL_TO_REPO. See also: git pull and git fetch

Create a local repository

  1. Initialize a folder for Git.
    • Select a local folder to add to Git, or create a new folder if you are starting a new project.
    • At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder.
    • Initialize the folder using the command:
      git init

Make Local Changes and Update remote Repositories

Add local changes.

  1. Stage files.
    • Add files to the folder or modify existing files.
    • Add new and modified files to the git staging area using the command:
      git add .[1] or git add some_modified_file.txt or git add -A
  2. Commit changes.
    • Commit changes into the local repository using the command:
      git commit -m "<some message>"
  3. Connect to a remote repository.
    • Connect to a remote repository using the command:
      git remote add <name> <url>[2]
  4. Push changes to a remote repository.
    • Push changes from your local repository to a remote repository using the command:
      git push[3] or git push origin master or git push -h origin master

Retrieve Remote Changes

  • Pull/get changes from a remote repository to have latest version of the code
    • Pull/get changes from a remote repository to your local repository using the command:
/git pull/ or git pull <name> <branch>
git pull -v (for more verbose output)
/git fetch/
gfind $1 -name ".git" | gsed -r 's|/[^/]+$||' | parallel "echo {}; git -C {} pull" (git pull all your repos in parallel, MacOS version)
  • Pull subdirectories:
ls | parallel git -C {} pull (assuming all sub-dirs are git repositories)[4]
ls | parallel git -C {} fetch
-C <PATH> run as if git was started in <path> instead of the current working directory.

Repository information

  • git remote -v or git remote show origin or git config --get remote.origin.url[5]

Git log

  • git log --oneline
  • git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar on %cd: %s"
  • Show modifications to a file:git log --follow -p FILE_TO_SHOW[6] or git blame FILE_TO_SHOW
  • git shortlog
  • List developers: git shortlogs -sne[7]

Git show

  • git show 3c88ad72430

Tags / Releases

  • Show all tags in git log:[8] git log --no-walk --tags --pretty="%h %d %s" --decorate=full
  • git tag (show releases)
  • List tags with dates: git log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty="format:%ci %d"[9]. Just can also add taglog = log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%ci %d' (note the single-, NOT double-quotes) in the [alias] section of your /.gitconfig/ file.

Miscelaneous

  • git log --decorate=full --simplify-by-decoration
  • Print lines matching a pattern:git grep TEXT_TO_SEARCH
  • git merge[10]
  • http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/git-add.1.html
  • http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/git-remote.1.html
  • https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push
  • https://stackoverflow.com/a/33557279
  • https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4089430/how-can-i-determine-the-url-that-a-local-git-repository-was-originally-cloned-fr
  • https://stackoverflow.com/a/31306082
  • https://stackoverflow.com/a/9597462
  • https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4211604/show-all-tags-in-git-log
  • https://stackoverflow.com/a/13208822
  • https://dev.to/neshaz/how-to-use-git-merge-the-correctway-25pd
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