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| − | <code>[[wikipedia:git (software)| | + | <code>[[wikipedia:git (software)|Git]]</code> is a distributed revision control software. |
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* [[git init]] | * [[git init]] | ||
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=== Git Installation === | === Git Installation === | ||
# Download Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads. | # Download Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads. | ||
| − | # Install Git. (MacOS: <code> | + | # Install Git. (MacOS: <code>brew install git</code>) |
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=== Copy an existing remote repository === | === Copy an existing remote repository === | ||
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#* Select a local folder to add to Git, or create a new folder if you are starting a new project. | #* Select a local folder to add to Git, or create a new folder if you are starting a new project. | ||
#* At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder. | #* At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder. | ||
| − | #* Initialize the folder using the command:<br><code> | + | #* Initialize the folder using the command:<br><code>git init</code> |
| − | === | + | === Make Local Changes and Update remote Repositories === |
| + | Add local changes. | ||
| + | # Stage files. | ||
| + | #* Add files to the folder or modify existing files. | ||
| + | #* Add new and modified files to the git staging area using the command:<br><code>git add .</code><ref>http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/git-add.1.html</ref> or <code>git add some_modified_file.txt</code> or <code>git add -A</code> | ||
| + | # Commit changes. | ||
| + | #* Commit changes into the local repository using the command:<br><code>git commit -m "<some message>"</code> | ||
| + | # Connect to a remote repository. | ||
| + | #* Connect to a remote repository using the command:<br><code>git remote add <name> <url></code><ref>http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/git-remote.1.html</ref> | ||
| + | # Push changes to a remote repository. | ||
| + | #* Push changes from your local repository to a remote repository using the command:<br><code>git push</code><ref>https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push</ref> or <code>git push origin master</code> or <code>git push -h origin master</code> | ||
=== Retrieve Remote Changes === | === Retrieve Remote Changes === | ||
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** Pull/get changes from a remote repository to your local repository using the command: | ** Pull/get changes from a remote repository to your local repository using the command: | ||
:::<code>[[git pull]]</code> or <code>git pull <name> <branch></code> | :::<code>[[git pull]]</code> or <code>git pull <name> <branch></code> | ||
| − | :::<code> | + | :::<code>git pull -v</code> (for more verbose output) |
:::<code>[[git fetch]]</code> | :::<code>[[git fetch]]</code> | ||
| − | :::<code>[[gfind]] $1 -name " | + | :::<code>[[gfind]] $1 -name ".git" | gsed -r 's|/[^/]+$||' | parallel "echo {}; git -C {} pull" </code> (git pull all your repos in parallel, MacOS version) |
* Pull subdirectories: | * Pull subdirectories: | ||
::<code>ls | parallel git -C {} pull</code> (assuming all sub-dirs are git repositories)<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/33557279</ref> | ::<code>ls | parallel git -C {} pull</code> (assuming all sub-dirs are git repositories)<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/33557279</ref> | ||
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=== Repository information === | === Repository information === | ||
| − | * <code> | + | * <code>git remote -v</code> or <code>git remote show origin</code> or <code>git config --get remote.origin.url</code><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4089430/how-can-i-determine-the-url-that-a-local-git-repository-was-originally-cloned-fr</ref> |
| − | === | + | === Git log === |
| − | + | * <code>git log</code> | |
| + | * <code>git log -p</code> | ||
| + | * <code>git log --all</code> | ||
| + | * <code>git log --oneline</code> | ||
| + | * <code>git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar on %cd: %s"</code> | ||
| + | * Show modifications to a file:<code>git log --follow -p FILE_TO_SHOW</code><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/31306082</ref> or <code>git blame FILE_TO_SHOW</code> | ||
| + | * <code>git shortlog</code> | ||
| + | * List developers: <code>git shortlogs -sne</code><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/9597462</ref> | ||
| − | === | + | === Git show === |
| − | * <code> | + | * <code>git show 3c88ad72430</code> |
=== Tags / Releases === | === Tags / Releases === | ||
| − | * Show all tags in git log:<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4211604/show-all-tags-in-git-log</ref> <code> | + | * Show all tags in git log:<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4211604/show-all-tags-in-git-log</ref> <code>git log --no-walk --tags --pretty="%h %d %s" --decorate=full</code> |
| − | * <code> | + | * <code>git tag</code> (show releases) |
| − | * List tags with dates: <code>git log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty="format:%ci %d"</code><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/13208822</ref>. Just can also add <code>taglog = log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%ci %d'</code> (note the single-, NOT double-quotes) in the [alias] section of your [[gitconfig]] file. | + | * List tags with dates: <code>git log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty="format:%ci %d"</code><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/13208822</ref>. Just can also add <code>taglog = log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%ci %d'</code> (note the single-, NOT double-quotes) in the [alias] section of your [[/.gitconfig/]] file. |
=== Miscelaneous === | === Miscelaneous === | ||
* <code>git log --decorate=full --simplify-by-decoration</code> | * <code>git log --decorate=full --simplify-by-decoration</code> | ||
* Print lines matching a pattern:<code>git grep TEXT_TO_SEARCH</code> | * Print lines matching a pattern:<code>git grep TEXT_TO_SEARCH</code> | ||
| − | * <code> | + | * <code>git merge</code><ref>https://dev.to/neshaz/how-to-use-git-merge-the-correctway-25pd</ref> |
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== Tips and Tricks == | == Tips and Tricks == | ||
* To avoid using <code>--pager</code> in all <code>git log</code> commands, add the following line to your <code>~/.bash_profile</code> file:<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/7737071</ref><br><code>export GIT_PAGER=cat</code> | * To avoid using <code>--pager</code> in all <code>git log</code> commands, add the following line to your <code>~/.bash_profile</code> file:<ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/7737071</ref><br><code>export GIT_PAGER=cat</code> | ||
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== Activities == | == Activities == | ||
# [[Clone some git public repositories]] | # [[Clone some git public repositories]] | ||
| − | # Learn what is a merge or | + | # Learn what is a merge or pull request: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23076923/what-is-a-merge-request |
| − | # Create your first website in [[Website Hosting]] using | + | # Create your first website in [[GitHub/Website Hosting]] using git |
# Read StackOverflow questions about Git: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/git?tab=Votes | # Read StackOverflow questions about Git: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/git?tab=Votes | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* {{git}} | * {{git}} | ||
| − | * | + | * [[gitrob]], [[TruffleHog]], [[gitleaks]] |
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| − | {{CC license}} Source: wikiversity | + | {{CC license}} |
| + | Source: https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Version_Control/Git | ||
[[Category: Computer programming]] | [[Category: Computer programming]] | ||
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