HTML 5

From wikieduonline
Jump to navigation Jump to search

HTML5 is a markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web.

New in HTML5

Forms

  • - The Web Forms 2.0 specification allows the creation of more powerful forms and more compelling user experiences.
  • - Date pickers, color pickers, and numeric stepper controls have been added.
  • - Input field types now include email, search, and URL.
  • - PUT and DELETE form methods are now supported.

Integrated API (Application Programming Interfaces)

  • - Drag and Drop
  • - Audio and Video
  • - Offline Web Applications
  • - History
  • - Local Storage
  • - Geolocation
  • - Web Messaging

Content Models

The List of Content Models

In HTML, elements typically belonged in either the block level or inline content model. HTML5 introduces seven main content models.

  • - Metadata
  • - Embedded
  • - Interactive
  • - Heading
  • - Phrasing
  • - Flow
  • - Sectioning

Content Models

Metadata: Content that sets up the presentation or behavior of the rest of the content. These elements are found in the head of the document.

  • Elements: <base>, <link>, <meta>, <noscript>, <script>, <style>, <title>

Embedded: Content that imports other resources into the document.

  • Elements: <audio>, <video>, <canvas>, <iframe>, <img>, <math>, <object>, <svg>

Interactive: Content specifically intended for user interaction.

  • Elements: <a>, <audio>, <video>, <button>, <details>, <embed>, <iframe>, <img>, <input>, <label>, <object>, <select>, <textarea>

Heading: Defines a section header.

  • Elements: <h1, <h2, <h3, <h4, <h5, <h6, <hgroup>

Phrasing: This model has a number of inline-level elements in common with HTML4.

  • Elements: <img>, <span, <strong, <label>, br />, <small, <sub, and more.

Flow content: Contains the majority of HTML5 elements that would be included in the normal flow of the document.

Sectioning content: Defines the scope of headings, content, navigation, and footers.

  • Elements: <article>, <aside>, <nav>, <section>

Header, nav & footer

The <header> Element

In HTML4, we would define a header like this:

<div id="header">

In HTML5, a simple <header> tag is used, instead.

The <header> element is appropriate for use inside the body tag.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head></head>
   <body>
      <header>
        <h1> Most important heading </h1>
        <h3> Less important heading </h3>
      </header>
   </body>
</html>

Note that the <header> is completely different from the <head> tag.

The <footer> Element

The footer element is also widely used. Generally, we refer to a section located at the very bottom of the web page as the footer.

<footer>…</footer>

The following information is usually provided between these tags:

  • - Contact Information
  • - Privacy Policy
  • - Social Media Icons
  • - Terms of Service
  • - Copyright Information
  • - Sitemap and Related Documents

The <nav> Element

This tag represents a section of a page that links to other pages or to certain sections within the page. This would be a section with navigation links.

Here is an example of a major block of navigation links:

<nav>
   <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">About us</a></li>
   </ul>
</nav>

Not all of the links in a document should be inside a <nav> element. The <nav> element is intended only for major blocks of navigation links. Typically, the <footer> element often has a list of links that don't need to be in a <nav> element.

Advertising: